01 - Place rice in a fine-mesh strainer and rinse under cold running water until the water runs clear. Drain thoroughly to remove excess starch.
02 - Transfer rinsed rice to a medium saucepan. Add coconut milk, water, salt, and sugar if using. Stir gently to distribute all ingredients evenly.
03 - Set saucepan over medium heat and bring the mixture to a gentle boil, watching carefully to prevent boiling over.
04 - Reduce heat to low setting. Cover saucepan tightly with lid and simmer for 15 minutes without lifting the lid to ensure proper steaming.
05 - Remove saucepan from heat completely. Keep covered and let rice rest for 10 minutes, allowing residual steam to finish cooking process.
06 - Uncover and fluff rice gently with a fork, being careful not to mash the grains. Transfer to serving bowl and top with toasted coconut flakes and fresh cilantro or scallions if desired.